Article 2 — Definitions

In this Proclamation unless the context otherwise requires: 1/ “Computer crime” means a) A crime committed against a computer, computer system, computer data or computer network; b) A conventional crime committed by means of a computer, computer system, computer data or computer network; or c) Illegal computer content data disseminated through a computer, computer system, or computer network; 2/ ““data processing service” means the service of reception, storage, processing, emission, routing or transmission of data by means of computer system and includes networking services; 3/ “computer or computer system” means any software and the microchips technology based data processing, storage, analysis, dissemination and communication device or any device that is capable of performing logical, arithmetic or routing function and includes accessories of that device; 4/ “computer data” means any content data, traffic data, computer program, or any other subscriber information in a form suitable for processing by means of a computer system; 5/ “computer program” means a set of instructions or commands expressed in words, codesor schemes which are capable of causing a computer system to perform or achieve a particular task or result; 6/ “traffic data” means any computer generated data relating to a chain of communication by means of a computer system indicating the communication’s origin, destination, route, time, date, duration, size or types of underlying service; 7/ “content data” means any computer data found in the form of audio, video, picture, arithmetic formula or any other form that conveys the essence, substance, meaning or purpose of a stored or transmitted computer data or computer communication; 8/ “network” means the interconnection of two or more computer systems by which data processing service can be provided or received; 9/ “computer data security” means the protection of a computer data from deleting, changing, and accessing by unauthorized person, compromising its confidentiality or any other damage; 10/ “access” means to communicate with, to enter in, store in, store data in, retrieve, or obtain data from, to view, to receive, move or copy data from a computer system, or otherwise make use of any data processing service thereof; 11/ “critical infrastructure” means a computer system, network or data where any of the crimes stipulated under article 3 to 6 of this proclamation, is committed against it, would have a considerable damage on public safety and the national interest; 12/ “interception” means real-time surveillance, recording, listening, acquisition, viewing, controlling or any other similar act of data processing service or computer data; 13/ “service provider” means a person who provides technical data processing or communication service or alternative infrastructure to users by means of computer system; 14/ “Attorney General” means head of the Federal Attorney General appointed by the House of Peoples Representatives; 15 “Public prosecutor” means lawyer appointed by the Attorney General and administered by public prosecutors administration regulation and included the Attorney General and the deputy attorney generals; 16/ “investigatory organ” mean a person legally invested with the power of investigation; 17/ “regional state” means any state referred to in Article 47(1) of the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and for the purpose this Proclamation it includes Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa city administrations; 18/ “police” mean Federal Police or Regional State Police to whom the power of the Federal Police is delegated; 19/ “Agency” mean Information Network Security Agency; 20/ “person” means a physical or juridical person; 21/ any expression in the masculine gender includes the feminine.